LIFB GJ.JliB.lLDI.

through the Austrians, was crushing. The combination of so many
adverse. cirC'Dmstances necessarily kept the people silent and inactive,
which had acquired so brilliant a lustre in the vicissitudes of the

past war.

Garibaldi 1rasnot in a position to become acquainted with these details ;
his pure of any malignant interpretation, forbade him doubting
not only the assertions of men known for the love of their country, but of
any one who spoke to him about the hopes of Italy. Were such a mag­

, nanimous effort to cost him a thousand existences, he was ready
attempt the realiution of his dreama. The intoxication of the reople,
on Garibaldi's arrival at Montepulciano, was ao great that a vice-preetor
of the town, known to be one of the moat active and savage satellites of
the reaction, ran a risk ofhislife. It required all the general's authority,
and the aid of several armed patrols to rescue him from the fury of his
victims. HE' was guarded during the whole day, and then carried off
under a strong escort. When in a place of safety, the vice-prretor was
set at liberty. The column marched on Castiglione, and thence, on the
23rd, to AreJao. The authorities of all the toWDB they paased through
did not hesitate to give in their adhesion to the Montepulciano proclama­
tion. Honourable citiz;ens of every condition came to meet the legions,
congratulatu1g them on their arrival, and receiving them with the most
manifest sympathy. Crowds ran out into the roads, and made the air
resound with the about of "Long live Garibaldi! Long live Italy! "
abandoning themselves entirely to the :flattering illusion& of a future
which appeared close at hand. All were eager to prepare provisions and
forage, and to supply the troopa with linen and shoes. :Refreshments of
every description, encouraging words for the weak, offera of releaae for
the worn out, gleams of hope for all-these worthy people forgot nothing
which could restore courage and support their resolution. All this took
place beneat!b. the eyes of the AuatriaDs under the command ofArchduke
Ernest. TI1e latter, not daring to attack the Garibaldians openly,
marched clo.se at their heels, and did everything in his power to restore
the vacillating authority of the Grand Duke.
Arezzo is the most Italian of towns: when the National party, in 1848,
aummoned the Italians to the plains of Lombardy to chase the foreigners,
Arezzo sent a large contingent of young men, and counted more than one ..
martyr. Gnibaldi'a approach exalted the inhabitants of this
town, and powerful parties were formed through their unexpected sup­
port . On the other hand, an equally strong party urged the insanity of
an insurrectionist mo':ement, for which the Austrians would not fail to

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l.U'E OF 'GI.lliUIAWl.

take :an •enmpkry rev:enge J -ana,. finally; a i!light majority decided that
the gates of Arezzo should be closed-against the Garibaldians, and that a
ngorws resistance should be offered. Garibaldi had heard ·at Castiglione
of this projected resistance ; but he hoped that a small number of scat­
terM Italians must he.ve fe1rmed tile •design, aJtd that -a ·still smaller
aumoer <•f Austrians :bac:! deoided it. He determined to make a trial.

At ten in .fu.e C'llening -of the 23rd of -July, tlle column a.ppea.rea
unexpectedly beneath .the walls of J..rezzo. 'The proceeded first
'llo tlre gate, and on seeing Austrian ·aad Italian troops "Com­

, hi!ned to -eloae his passage. ·.A pretended delegate from the city. stam­
mered, 1Vith .badly-ccmoealed cowardice, that •they did not wish to
oempromiee -themselves wi\h the Auetrians •by reoeiving within their
walls -Gariba.lrli and JUs soldiers. .He added that, iithe column woula
in the neighbintrhood, they would glady tmpply hlm with pro­
an.d all.th.e,-;m,ight require. lt have been easy for the
GuerilleEo to force the pasaa.ge-but unwilling. to aacept bef<nte posterity
the I'eSp<llnsibility of a combat

, even ifled-by foreigners,
he the legions to encamp on a;hill commanding the eity.

The patriots were aware, however, of all the troops collected
r ound Cet erna, the archduke's brigade alone had been detached in
pursuit of them. This at formed in order of battle,
but awaited an attack. Such. arraB.gements revealed the enemy's weak­
ness; they clearly indicated that having no hope of support from the
other A111strian col!ps i.n

, from which he was separated by the
great .A.Jlpenine chain, the archduke desired to keep on the defeDBive.
Garibaldi could have made the Austrians pay dearly for their i11cessant

pursuit, and the sufferings t hey had caused the column, but he had too

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