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territ<()ry, When there were no gardens, they bivouaced on the
ground and il11. the open air, by Garibaldi's express orders. On these
occasions, as m all others where courage was required ro aupport phy­
aica.I suffering, the chief was always the first to give an example ro his
soldiers. A who refuses even the privilege of a tent, m order
not ro be better off' than the lowest of his followers, is a sufficient
rarity; but it is still rarer ro find a woman expose herself voluntarily
to privations and the enemy's attack, when her condition would have
claimed the most attentive care. A.nnita, whose devotion ro the Republic
and love of her husband are sufficiently known to us, was ever present,
addressing the aoldiers with martial ardour, encouraging those who
seemed to give way, heightening the enthusiasm of the strong, and
accepting no c•ther food than that shared by the privates ; and if m any
engagement was necessary ro offer an example of bravery, she was
seen like a modem .Amazon mounted on a noble steed, first m the first
ranks, her breast to the enemy's bullets.

Though thEI news of the fall of Rome had reached Terni some days
previously, files of republicans contmually reached the town, and trees
of liberty were being constantly planted m the public squares. Colonel
Foroes, who occupied Terni with more than 900 men, immediately
placed himself under Garibaldi's orders, and his little band was at once
incorporated with the rest. Garibaldi's two legions were at this moment
composed of three cohorts each, each again formed of five ro six cen­
turies. Lieutenant-Colonel Sacchi was in command of the first legion,
Colonel F orbl)S of the second, while the cavalry was placed under the
orders of the American Bueno.

General Ou,dinot, from false mformation he received, having supposed
that Garibaldi designed to throw himaelf into the mountains of Albano
and Frascati, with the intention of organising a guerilla warfare, sent off
on the evening of .July 3rd the first division of the expeditionary force m
pursuit of him. On the following day the French troops occupied those
two towns and their environs, but soon aft<er only one brigade was lefl;
there, the other returning to Rome. At the same time that the first
division receind orders to pursue Garibaldi, General Morris was sent
off with seveJ'Sl battalions and a large force of cavalry in the direction
of Civita with orders ro occupy that town and reduce it ro
obedience, as 'Well as Todi, Viterbo, and Orrieto. General Stat<ella was
concentrating a corps m the Abruzzi, ro disput<e with Garibaldi the banks
of the Tronto and the V elino, if he designed ro mvade the Neapolitan

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territory. :r...tly, aeveral A1Ditrian earpa had shown t.bemaelTes iD
lleighb<nll'hood of Aquapendente, while others occtlpied Umbria and tlae
Marehe,s. All these muses of troops, however, remained quiet, await­
ing information &8 to the real intentions ofthe daring ea.ptain.

On the night of July 11, Garibaldi quitted Terni, and marched ia the
direetion of San-Germini. From this moment began the mournful
epittode!l which were to mark this unhappy retreat. ExhaUBted
by fatig;ue, 1meertain of their object, lmt very certain of suffering and
danger, a great mnnber of the troops who at Rome resolved to follow the
general, and many of the centuries 100. by Colonel Fnrbes, deserted their
ranks. The weakest, espeeially the natives, disappeared as they puaed
by then· home-villages.

by the Talue of the
lt.orset1 they l'Ode, disbanded, and thus gave the worst poBBible example to
their Thus wu sown the first seed of discouragement, fded
eventually to become almost universal. The injury done the corps by
their deserters, hencefort:h. unworthy the name of republicans, was not eon­
fined to the Joss of hones and arms, for fresh crimes an triffing to men
who han committed a first one. The soldiers of yesterday, the thieves
and robbers to day, in their disgraceful Hight, made illegal requisitions,
indulged in pillage, and committed crimes of every description. Hence,
through. a confusion, produced by the eaemies of the ea.nse, came tbe
odious brought against the columB, and only applicable to
those who had it. Let us speak out openly and boldly : the
6ag ever remained unstained, and the only guilty persons
were th011e over whom it no longer waved. And, yet, what opportunity
for reprisals, had not the thought that a noble cause rnu!t only be served
by noble means, elented the minds of the gallant defenders of Italy !
Take the following episode for instance, selected from a score of othen :

On the road leading to Orvieto, and which we shall presently follow
with thEI republican legions, there is a Calmeldolese Monastery, about
eight miles from Todi. vast and mundane edifice was only inha­
bited by fif'teen white brothers, who consumed its enormous reventtetl,
which would have been sufficient for ten times their number. This

'building seemed well adapted for a halting place, and the troops rested
in the spacious court yard. The IMUlctity of the spot, tbe presence of the
general, and the carefully discipline, all contributed to render
an hour's stay quite inoffensive to the brothers. Still, the colu'lllDI Bad to
11ndergo the bitterest reproachl'tl from them for the alleged violation of
their retirement. This was not all. A field-officer arrinng tll"o houre

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